Corresponding author: Wojciech Ciesielski (
Academic editor: Josef Settele
Ciesielski W, Kołoczek H, Oszczęda Z, Soroka JA, Tomasik P (2023) Potential risk resulting from the influence of static magnetic field upon living organisms. Numerically simulated effects of the static magnetic field upon fatty acids and their glycerides. BioRisk 19: 1–24.
Environmental pollution with magnetic fields (
This paper presents results of such computations for selected higher lipid acids belonging to the group of derived lipids and mono-, di- and tri-glycerides constituting a group of simple lipids (
Focus on lipids can be rationalized also for their role in the consumption, diet and functional properties of foodstuffs (see, for instance,
Computations of the effect of real
Molecular structures were drawn using the Fujitsu SCIGRESS 2.0 software (
Numbering atoms in the molecules of lipid fatty acid and caproyl glycerides without following the geometry.
In the consecutive steps, the influence of the static magnetic field (
Numbering atoms in particular molecules under consideration are presented in Fig.
Presentation of effect of
Effect of
Lipid acids | Heat of formation [kJ·mol-1] at |
Dipole moment [D] at |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 10 | 100a | 0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 10 | 100a | |
Stearic | -560 | -531 | -511 | -492 | -416(25.7) | 3.42 | 3.56 | 3.84 | 4.16 | 5.32(35.7) |
Oleic | -676 | -654 | -621 | -594 | -542(19.8) | 1.88 | 1.92 | 2.06 | 2.63 | 3.01(34.2) |
Linoleic | -565 | -510 | -457 | -401 | -326(42.3) | 2.39 | 2.45 | 2.63 | 2.95 | 3.06(21.3) |
Linolenic | -485 | -423 | -404 | -364 | -318(34.5) | 1.76 | 1.86 | 2.18 | 2.63 | 3.28(43.3) |
Elaidic | -642 | -612 | -586 | -527 | -461(28.2) | 4.51 | 4.68 | 4.77 | 5.16 | 6.24(27.7) |
Vaccenic | -672 | -653 | -591 | -521 | -423(27.0) | 1.88 | 1.96 | 2.23 | 2.84 | 3.67(48.7) |
-421 | -401 | -372 | -341 | -216(48.7) | 1.66 | 1.74 | 1.96 | 2.65 | 3.15(47.3) |
aThe final increase (in %) in the reported value at applied
Effect of
Caproyl glyceride | Heat of formation [kJ·mol-1] at |
Dipole moment [D] at |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 10 | 100a | 0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 10 | 100a | |
1-Caproyl | -192 | -182 | -168 | -136 | -110 (42.7) | 3.43 | 3.53 | 3.98 | 4.65 | 6.52 (90.0) |
2-Caproyl | -187 | -172 | -151 | -123 | -96 (48.7) | 1.41 | 1.45 | 1.76 | 3.12 | 4.96 (71.6) |
1,2-Dicaproyl | -263 | -252 | -237 | -196 | -118 (55.1) | 4.06 | 4.38 | 4.98 | 5.31 | 7.15 (42.1) |
1,3-Dicaproyl | -213 | -207 | -195 | -171 | -138 (35.3) | 1.42 | 1.52 | 1.95 | 2.69 | 3.99 (64.7) |
1,2,3-Tricaproyl | -384 | -363 | -335 | -239 | -156 (58.3) | 2.38 | 2.48 | 2.95 | 3.69 | 7.21 (67.0) |
aThe final increase (in %) in the reported value at applied
Charge density on selected particular atoms of lipid acids.
Charge density [a.u.] on particular atoms at |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Octadecanoic (stearic) acid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
H58 | O55 | =C18 | =O19 | C17 | H53 | H54 | C16 | H52 | H51 | C11 | H42 | H41 | C10 | C2 | H24 | H23 | C1 | H20 | |||||||||
0 | .236 | -.292 | .287 | -.563 | -.151 | .122 | .122 | -.166 | .097 | .097 | |||||||||||||||||
0.1 | .241 | -.300 | .289 | -.564 | -.152 | .120 | .120 | -.153 | .095 | .095 | |||||||||||||||||
1 | .355 | -.385 | .259 | -.425 | -.143 | .140 | .135 | -.149 | .109 | .143 | |||||||||||||||||
10 | -257 | .094 | .095 | -.252 | -.151 | -.026 | -.071 | -.195 | .004 | ||||||||||||||||||
100 | -.272 | .124 | .118 | -.271 | -.109 | -.025 | -.050 | -.345 | .007 | ||||||||||||||||||
H54 | O20 | =C18 | =O19 | C17 | H52 | H53 | C16 | H50 | H51 | =C10 | H39 | =C9 | H38 | C8 | H37 | C5 | H31 | H30 | C4 | H29 | H28 | C1 | H22 | ||||
0 | .241 | -.336 | .325 | -.343 | -.168 | .116 | .089 | -.158 | .089 | .103 | -.164 | .117 | -.159 | .115 | |||||||||||||
0.1 | .269 | -.366 | .305 | -.340 | -.140 | .107 | .123 | -.156 | .093 | .104 | -.176 | .125 | -.155 | .116 | |||||||||||||
1 | .276 | -.377 | .297 | -.333 | -.131 | .104 | .128 | -.155 | .096 | .103 | -.179 | .130 | -.152 | .112 | |||||||||||||
10 | .325 | -.406 | .268 | -.357 | -.112 | .113 | .147 | -.144 | .109 | .116 | -178 | .150 | -.166 | .097 | |||||||||||||
100 | .057 | .000 | -.267 | .154 | .171 | -.132 | .122 | .113 | -.202 | -.096 | |||||||||||||||||
H52 | O36 | =C28 | =O35 | C29 | H40 | H41 | C30 | H42 | H43 | =C26 | H37 | =C1 | H10 | =C3 | H13 | =C4 | H14 | ||||||||||
0 | .145 | -.193 | .926 | -.241 | -.872 | .077 | .083 | -.167 | .122 | .153 | -.213 | .132 | -.046 | .002 | -.128 | .084 | -.190 | .098 | |||||||||
0.1 | .188 | -.226 | .799 | -.291 | -.720 | .096 | .095 | -.183 | .121 | .150 | -.204 | .119 | -.035 | .018 | -.118 | .084 | -.191 | .097 | |||||||||
1 | .241 | -.276 | .544 | -.291 | -.498 | .136 | .124 | -.165 | .103 | .126 | -.214 | .081 | -.058 | .060 | -.129 | .083 | -.180 | .091 | |||||||||
10 | .257 | -.310 | .249 | -.337 | -.250 | .173 | .176 | -.240 | .128 | .149 | -.457 | .076 | -.047 | .232 | .092 | .108 | -.601 | .163 | |||||||||
100 | .260 | .-302 | .234 | -.303 | -.216 | .158 | .15 4 | -.193 | .124 | .145 | -.461 | .102 | .093 | .038 | -.109 | .107 | -233 | .103 | |||||||||
H50 | O1 | =C20 | =O2 | C10 | H36 | H35 | C8 | H31 | H32 | =C13 | H41 | =C16 | H45 | =C19 | H49 | =C18 | H48 | =C14 | H42 | =C11 | H37 | =C12 | H39 | ||||
0 | .239 | -.313 | .311 | -.346 | -.164 | .116 | .113 | -.155 | .090 | .098 | -.169 | .122 | -.154 | .123 | -.160 | .117 | -.159 | .117 | -.160 | .121 | -.164 | .121 | -.205 | .078 | |||
0.1 | .301 | -.209 | .262 | -.504 | -.119 | .112 | .092 | -.149 | .093 | .110 | -.179 | .127 | -.154 | .122 | -.163 | .122 | -.182 | .125 | -.161 | .117 | -.163 | .122 | -.216 | .090 | |||
1 | .268 | -.289 | .285 | -.418 | -.132 | .117 | .101 | -.152 | .093 | .105 | -.175 | .119 | -.148 | .133 | -.157 | .124 | -.175 | .120 | -.166 | .122 | -.171 | .123 | -.225 | .102 | |||
10 | -.220 | -.110 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | -.143 | .094 | -214 | -.126 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
H54 | O1 | =C20 | =O2 | C18 | H49 | H50 | C14 | H44 | H43 | =C17 | H48 | =C15 | H47 | ||||||||||||||
0 | .236 | -.331 | .327 | -.277 | -.223 | .107 | .107 | -.151 | .098 | .099 | -.155 | .122 | -.163 | .121 | |||||||||||||
0.1 | .315 | -.372 | .282 | -.355 | -.176 | .118 | .115 | -.161 | .118 | .124 | -.189 | .143 | -.202 | .134 | |||||||||||||
1 | .336 | -.390 | .285 | -.356 | -.171 | .116 | .109 | -.167 | .113 | .124 | -.194 | .146 | -.197 | .137 | |||||||||||||
H54 | O1 | =C20 | =O2 | C16 | H46 | H47 | C9 | H33 | H34 | =C15 | H35 | =C17 | H45 | C13 | H41 | C12 | H39 | C10 | H35 | C18 | H32 | ||||||
0 | .242 | -.341 | .324 | -.340 | -.169 | .118 | .118 | -.156 | .095 | .095 | -.161 | .122 | -.157 | .121 | |||||||||||||
0.1 | .255 | -.356 | .325 | -.341 | -.157 | .120 | .120 | -.164 | .096 | .097 | -.164 | .124 | -.159 | .121 | |||||||||||||
1 | .268 | -.371 | .326 | -.341 | -.165 | .122 | .122 | -.169 | .098 | .096 | -.166 | .125 | -.171 | .121 | |||||||||||||
10 | .314 | -.409 | .325 | -.349 | -.150 | .123 | .124 | -.178 | .085 | .104 | -.168 | .127 | -.174 | .121 | |||||||||||||
100 | -.085 | .038 | -.120 | .085 | -.169 | .134 | -.118 | -.069 | |||||||||||||||||||
H50 | O1 | =C20 | =O2 | C10 | H35 | H36 | C8 | H31 | H32 | =C13 | H41 | =C16 | H45 | C15 | H44 | =C19 | H49 | =C18 | H48 | =C14 | H42 | =C11 | H37 | C12 | H39 | H40 | |
0 | .239 | -.315 | .311 | -.346 | -.165 | .115 | .113 | -.154 | .094 | .104 | -.165 | .120 | -.160 | .120 | -.150 | .117 | -.162 | .110 | -.166 | .117 | -.163 | .124 | |||||
0.1 | .204 | -.418 | .345 | -.252 | -.170 | .126 | .125 | -.174 | .093 | .103 | -.200 | .142 | -.210 | .142 | -.161 | .124 | -.187 | .118 | -.162 | .119 | -.162 | .121 | |||||
1 | .240 | -.357 | .313 | -.375 | -.155 | .134 | .133 | -.153 | .101 | .109 | -.191 | .154 | -.177 | .154 | -.139 | .137 | -.172 | .125 | -.157 | .118 | -.159 | .125 | |||||
10 | .247 | -.345 | .307 | -.413 | -.152 | .139 | .138 | -.150 | .106 | .112 | -.180 | .149 | -.166 | .149 | -.134 | .137 | -.167 | .123 | -.150 | .117 | -.158 | .126 | |||||
100 | -.103 | .083 | -.101 | .008 | .017 |
Bond lengths between selected particular atoms of lipid acids.
Atom – atom bond lengths [Å] at |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Octadecanoic (stearic) acid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
H58 -O55 | O55- C18 | C18= 019 | C18- C17 | C17- C16 | C17- H53 | C17- H54 | C16- H52 | C16- H51 | C10- C11 | C2- H24 | C1- H20 | |||||||||||||
0 | 0..964 | 1.386 | 1.243 | 1.543 | 1.581 | 1.100 | 1.098 | 1.098 | ||||||||||||||||
0.1 | .0.968 | 1.360 | 1.220 | 1.520 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.090 | ||||||||||||||||
1 | .1.549 | 1.554 | 1.403 | 1.609 | 1.562 | 1.656 | 1.608 | 1.624 | ||||||||||||||||
10 | 2.344 | 2.665 | 2.761 | 2.886 | ||||||||||||||||||||
100 | 2.639 | 2.680 | 3.029 | 3.250 | ||||||||||||||||||||
H54–O20 | O20-C18 | C18 = O19 | = C18-C17 | C17-H52 | C17-H53 | C17-C16 | C16-H51 | C16-H50 | C10 = C11 | C15-C14 | C15-H49 | C15-H48 | C10-H39 | = C10- = C9 | = C - 9H38 | C8-H36 | C8-H37 | C4-C5 | C5-H31 | C5-H30 | C4-H28 | C4-H29 | C1-H22 | |
0 | 1.987 | 1.360 | 1.202 | 1.494 | 1.113 | 1.112 | 1.532 | 1.111 | 1.107 | 1.337 | 1.092 | 1.337 | 1.093 | |||||||||||
0.1 | 1.143 | 1.369 | 1.198 | 1.545 | 1.131 | 1.052 | 1.519 | 1.129 | 1.106 | 1.331 | 1.202 | 1.331 | 1.372 | |||||||||||
1 | 1.202 | 1.375 | 1.189 | 1.575 | 1.143 | 1.042 | 1.513 | 1.134 | 1.108 | 1.325 | 1.252 | 1.325 | 1.509 | |||||||||||
10 | 1.529 | 1.396 | 1.229 | 1.702 | 1.526 | 1.389 | 1.593 | 1.494 | 1.383 | 1.395 | 1.733 | 1.395 | 1.567 | |||||||||||
100 | 2.352 | 2.359 | 2.428 | 2.857 | 2.635 | 2.681 | 2.771 | 2.303 | ||||||||||||||||
H52- O36 | O36- C28 | C28= O35 | C28- C29 | C29- H40 | C29- H41 | C29- C30 | C30- H42 | C30- H43 | C26= C1 | C26- H37 | C1- H10 | C2- C3 | C1- C2 | C2- H11 | C2- H12 | C3= C4 | C3- H13 | C4- H14 | ||||||
0 | 0.960 | 0.825 | 0.825 | 0.825 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 0.825 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 0.825 | 1.080 | 1.080 | 0.825 | 0.825 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 0.825 | 1.080 | 1.080 | |||||
0.1 | 0.949 | 0.882 | 0.887 | 0.851 | 1.078 | 1.065 | 0.869 | 1.050 | 1.071 | 0.864 | 1.051 | 1.047 | 0.866 | 0.872 | 1.085 | 1.078 | 0.858 | 1.037 | 1.035 | |||||
1 | 0.955 | 1.026 | 0.992 | 0.999 | 1.062 | 0.992 | 1.048 | 1.051 | 1.005 | 0.964 | 0.995 | 0.952 | 1.023 | 1.011 | 1.070 | 1.034 | 0.990 | 0.926 | 0.919 | |||||
10 | 1.105 | 1.411 | 1.351 | 1.416 | 1.069 | 1.066 | 1.511 | 1.053 | 1059 | 1.629 | 0.867 | 1.032 | 1.375 | 1.265 | 1.109 | 1.583 | 1.212 | 0.942 | 0.948 | |||||
100 | 1.095 | 1.368 | 1.368 | 1.395 | 1.083 | 1.004 | 1.463 | 1.008 | 1.056 | 0.905 | 0.728 | 0.740 | 1.278 | 1.394 | 1.103 | 1.067 | 1.255 | 0.843 | 0.858 | |||||
H50- O1 | O1- C20 | C20- O2 | C20- C10 | C10- H35 | C10- H36 | C10- C8 | C8- H31 | C8- H32 | C13- C6 | C13- H41 | C16- H45 | C13- C16 | C16- H45 | C19- H49 | C19- C18 | C18- H48 | C14- H42 | C14- C11 | C11- H37 | C1- H39 | ||||
0 | 0.981 | 1.358 | 1.222 | 1.508 | 1.097 | 1.035 | 1.528 | 1.096 | 1.097 | 1.341 | 1.087 | 1.087 | 1.341 | 1.087 | 1.089 | 1.343 | 1.098 | 1.087 | 1.341 | 1087 | 1.094 | |||
0.1 | 1.047 | 1.181 | 1..416 | 1.549 | 1.113 | 1.126 | 1.513 | 1.115 | 1.111 | 1.400 | 1.111 | 1.330 | 1.400 | 1.330 | 1.315 | 1.487 | 1.090 | 1.126 | 1.336 | 1.104 | 1.515 | |||
1 | 1.011 | 1.332 | 1.357 | 1.529 | 1.114 | 1.119 | 1.523 | 1.108 | 1.104 | 1.284 | 1.126 | 1.372 | 1.284 | 1.372 | 1.388 | 1.321 | 1.194 | 1.012 | 1.419 | 1.079 | 1.577 | |||
10 | 2.218 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | 2.139 | 2.422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
H54- O1 | O1- C20 | C20- O2 | C20- C18 | C18- H49 | C18- H50 | C10- C14 | C14- H44 | C14- H43 | C17- O6 | C17- H48 | C17- H47 | |||||||||||||
0 | 0.977 | 1.369 | 1.197 | 1.581 | 1.110 | 1.113 | 1.533 | 1.109 | 1.109 | 1.335 | 1.088 | 1.088 | ||||||||||||
0.1 | 1.605 | 1.519 | 1.407 | 1.529 | 1.647 | 1.628 | 1.617 | 1.628 | 1.625 | 1.379 | 1.347 | 1.459 | ||||||||||||
1 | 1.732 | 1.529 | 1.402 | 1.522 | 1.0t9 | 1.657 | 1.618 | 1.624 | 1.599 | 1.358 | 1.327 | 1.423 | ||||||||||||
H54- O1 | O1- C20 | C20= O2 | C20- C16 | C18- H49 | C16- H47 | C16 H46 | C15- H45 | C15= C17 | C12- H39 | C10- H35 | C9- C7 | C8-H32 | C7-H48 | C7- H30 | C7- H29 | |||||||||
0 | 0.987 | 1.362 | 1.202 | 1.493 | 1.113 | 1.112 | 1.088 | 1.335 | 1.331 | 1.088 | 1.108 | 1.106 | ||||||||||||
0.1 | 1.062 | 1.374 | 1.206 | 1.488 | 1.152 | 1.110 | 1.113 | 1.361 | 1.520 | 1.076 | 1.195 | 1.122 | ||||||||||||
1 | 1.128 | 1.385 | 1.210 | 1.483 | 1.183 | 1.187 | 1.130 | 1.383 | 1.509 | 1.068 | 1.130 | 1.267 | ||||||||||||
10 | 1.360 | 1.407 | 1.224 | 1.478 | 1.249 | 1.118 | 1.145 | 1.428 | 1.483 | 1.072 | 1.158 | 1.436 | ||||||||||||
100 | 2.487 | 2.005 | 2.256 | 2.132 | 2.132 | |||||||||||||||||||
H50- O1 | O1- C20 | C20= O2 | C20- C10 | C10- H36 | C10- H35 | C10- C8 | C8- H31 | C8- H32 | C13= C16 | C13- H41 | C16- H45 | C17- H47 | C19- C18 | C19- H49 | C18- H48 | C14- H42 | C14= C11 | C11- H37 | C12- H39 | C12- H40 | ||||
0 | 0.981 | 1,358 | 1.222 | 1.508 | 1.096 | 1.096 | 1.528 | 1.097 | 1.097 | 1.341 | 1.087 | 1.087 | 1.501 | 1.099 | 1.089 | 1.088 | 1.341 | 1.057 | ||||||
0.1 | 0.984 | 1.512 | 1.229 | 1.490 | 1.104 | 1.104 | 1.523 | 1.105 | 1.115 | 1.789 | 1.068 | 1.064 | 1.260 | 1.099 | 1.058 | 1.100 | 1.376 | 1.097 | ||||||
1 | 0.970 | 1.477 | 1.345 | 1.405 | 1.104 | 1.104 | 1.526 | 1.117 | 1.108 | 1.632 | 1.037 | 1.064 | 1.494 | 1.051 | 1.102 | 1.102 | 1.337 | 1.097 | ||||||
10 | 0.939 | 1.481 | 1.441 | 1.382 | 1.110 | 1.109 | 1.519 | 1.110 | 1.119 | 1.577 | 1.121 | 1.132 | 1.417 | 1.112 | 1.106 | 1.105 | 1.353 | 1.100 | ||||||
100 | 2.270 | 2.088 | 2.270 |
Charge density on selected atoms of mono-, di- and tricaproyl glycerides.
Charge density [a.u.] on particular atoms at |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-Caproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C18 | H29 | H30 | C19 | O20 | O4 | C3 | H11 | H10 | C2 | H9 | O5 | H12 | C1 | H7 | H8 | O6 | H13 | |||||||||
0 | -.152 | .121 | .121 | .291 | -.354 | -.248 | -.064 | .107 | .098 | .040 | .092 | -.319 | .212 | .000 | .075 | .066 | -.323 | .204 | ||||||||
0.1 | -.157 | .136 | .135 | .200 | -.424 | -.213 | -.071 | .113 | .184 | .045 | .092 | -.312 | .214 | -.005 | .077 | 0.56 | -.316 | .205 | ||||||||
1 | -.258 | .167 | .170 | .337 | -.431 | -.233 | -.057 | .088 | .084 | 046 | .087 | -.323 | .215 | -.006 | .077 | .065 | -.316 | 205 | ||||||||
10 | -.223 | .158 | .189 | .327 | -.434 | -.252 | -.031 | .080 | .089 | .065 | .075 | -.383 | .245 | .023 | .068 | .064 | -.387 | .244 | ||||||||
100 | -.135 | .145 | .101 | .280 | -.390 | -.287 | -.013 | .070 | .078 | .034 | .063 | -.365 | .272 | .003 | .077 | .072 | -.392 | .262 | ||||||||
2-Caproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C18 | H29 | H30 | C19 | O20 | O4 | C2 | H8 | C3 | H9 | H10 | O12 | H13 | C1 | H6 | H7 | O5 | H11 | |||||||||
0 | -.155 | .120 | .118 | .301 | -.379 | -.226 | .047 | .119 | -.041 | .041 | .091 | -.350 | .277 | -.008 | .058 | .080 | -.319 | .211 | ||||||||
0.1 | -.147 | .132 | .131 | .290 | -.443 | -.215 | .056 | .131 | .007 | .083 | .053 | -.328 | .382 | -.004 | .048 | .070 | -.312 | .223 | ||||||||
1 | -.166 | .114 | .110 | .312 | -.347 | -.242 | .055 | .111 | -.082 | .124 | .042 | -.379 | .273 | -.006 | .051 | .091 | -.315 | .210 | ||||||||
10 | -,143 | .139 | .135 | .279 | -.482 | -185 | 051 | .131 | -.047 | .113 | -.012 | -.362 | .309 | -.014 | 060 | .086 | -.314 | .212 | ||||||||
100 | -.179 | .126 | .110 | .331 | -.378 | -.251 | .012 | .121 | -.014 | .158 | .038 | -.380 | .209 | -.003 | .052 | .097 | -.320 | ..214 | ||||||||
1,2-Dicaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C5 | H16 | H17 | C6 | O7 | O19 | C40 | H45 | C39 | H43 | H44 | O42 | H48 | C41 | H46 | H47 | O38 | C25 | O26 | C24 | H35 | H36 | |||||
0 | -.152 | .121 | .128 | .289 | -.351 | -.216 | .029 | .124 | -.006 | .085 | .070 | -.332 | .205 | -.071 | .150 | .094 | -.243 | .290 | -.353 | -.152 | .118 | .121 | ||||
0.1 | -.171 | .128 | .128 | .127 | -.374 | -.236 | .044 | .124 | -.007 | .049 | .071 | -.354 | .253 | -.065 | .038 | .139 | -.297 | .306 | -.318 | -.157 | .123 | .128 | ||||
1 | -.168 | .129 | .129 | .130 | -.394 | -.239 | .048 | .118 | -.003 | .033 | .034 | -.370 | .336 | -.053 | .0103 | .161 | -.254 | .288 | -.401 | -.157 | .129. | .132 | ||||
10 | -.182 | .115 | .115 | .121 | -.330 | -.291 | .060 | .107 | -.013 | .033 | .058 | -.386 | .326 | -.067 | 0.92 | .129 | -.278 | .309 | -.337 | -.176 | .124 | .119 | ||||
100 | -.165 | .132 | .132 | .125 | -.387 | -.245 | .111 | .056 | -.026 | .028 | .079 | -.371 | .299 | -.056 | .102 | .144 | -.279 | .295 | -.379 | -.170 | .139 | .127 | ||||
1,3-Dicaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C24 | H35 | H36 | C25 | O26 | O30 | C41 | H45 | H46 | C40 | H44 | O49 | H48 | C39 | H42 | H43 | O19 | C6 | O7 | C5 | H16 | H17 | |||||
0 | -.152 | .120 | .117 | .288 | -.363 | -.229 | .013 | .105 | .110 | .034 | ..092 | -.315 | .207 | -.062 | .119 | .089 | -.242 | .289 | -.335 | -.152 | .120 | .121 | ||||
0.1 | -.155 | .123 | .120 | .303 | -.331 | -.254 | -.034 | .127 | .103 | .045 | .089 | -.311 | .213 | -059. | .395 | .088 | -.231 | .285 | -.485 | -.158 | .124 | .131 | ||||
1 | -.124 | .140 | .128 | .339 | -.144 | -.342 | -.031 | -.297 | .136 | .072 | .115 | -.326 | .229 | -.040 | .123 | .115 | -.260 | .309 | -.405 | -.179 | .124 | .128 | ||||
10 | -.134 | .145 | .129 | .337 | -.174 | -.353 | -.001 | -.262 | .157 | .067 | .141 | -.344 | .218 | -.036 | .139 | .084 | -.281 | .282 | -.488 | -.164 | .134 | .153 | ||||
100 | -.154 | .150 | .134 | .340 | -.230 | -.387 | .039 | -.043 | .158 | .159 | .154 | -.406 | .055 | -.085 | .193 | .158 | -.292 | .226 | -.479 | -.199 | .123 | .137 | ||||
1,2,3-Tricaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C5 | H16 | H17 | C6 | O7 | O19 | C38 | H63 | C60 | H64 | H56 | O57 | C44 | O45 | C43 | H54 | H55 | C58 | H51 | H52 | O59 | C25 | C26 | C24 | H35 | H31 | |
0 | -.151 | .121 | .295 | .295 | -.359 | -.227 | .028 | .122 | -.073 | .145 | .112 | -.142 | .285 | -.354 | -.153 | .118 | .119 | -.023 | .103 | .117 | -.241 | .291 | -354 | -152 | .120 | .120 |
0.1 | -.151 | .125 | .291 | .291 | -.379 | -.222 | .030 | .125 | .000 | .157 | .112 | -.242 | .283 | -.365 | -.149 | .120 | .120 | -.023 | .110 | .122 | -.215 | ‘283 | -413 | -157 | .135 | .135 |
1 | -.216 | .134 | .322 | .322 | -399 | -.241 | .041 | .128 | -.077 | .152 | .114 | -.249 | .289 | -.383 | -.157 | .121 | .125 | -.022 | .107 | .114 | -.238 | .328 | -411 | -218 | .148 | .158 |
10 | -.247 | .147 | .338 | .388 | -.390 | -.269 | 061 | .120 | -.073 | .153 | .103 | -.251 | .289 | -.377 | -.151 | .123 | .118 | -.084 | .097 | .108 | -.272 | .346 | -412 | -214 | .145 | .151 |
100 | -.213 | .116 | .315 | .315 | -.412 | -.261 | .039 | .125 | -059 | .158 | .105 | .250 | .290 | -.389 | -.158 | .125 | .120 | -.008 | .110 | .117 | -.283 | .320 | -426 | .177 | .145 | .155 |
Bond length [Å] between particular atoms at |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-Caproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C18- H29 | C18- H30 | C18- C19 | C19= O20 | C19- O4 | O4- C3 | C3- H11 | C3- C2 | C2- H9 | C2- O5 | O5- H12 | C2- C1 | C1- H7 | C1- H8 | C1- O6 | O1.- H13 | |||||||||||
0 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.520 | 1.220 | 1.360 | 1.430 | 1.090 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 0.960 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 0.950 | ||||||||||
0.1 | 1.122 | 1.122 | 1.448 | 1391 | 1.365 | 1.428 | 1.103 | 1.556 | 1.105 | 1.400 | 0.960 | 1.550 | 1.102 | 1.105 | 1.435 | 0.971 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.350 | 1.336 | 1.388 | 1.499 | 1.471 | 1.370 | 1.126 | 1.616 | 1.200 | 1.409 | 0.983 | 1.597 | 1.128 | 1.131 | 1.481 | 0.993 | ||||||||||
10 | 1.512 | 1.753 | 1.426 | 1.469 | 1.507 | 1.391 | 1.136 | 1.578 | 1.222 | 1.388 | 1.006 | 1.591 | 1.124 | 1.155 | 1.438 | 1.086 | ||||||||||
100 | 1.007 | 3.558 | 1.454 | 1.390 | 1.476 | 1.395 | 1.151 | 1.592 | 1.330 | 1.336 | 1.822 | 1.663 | 1.186 | 1.133 | 1.413 | 1.296 | ||||||||||
2-Caproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C16- H29 | C16- H30 | C18- C19 | C19= O20 | C19- O4 | O4- C2 | C2- C3 | C3- H9 | C3- H10 | C3- O12 | O12- H13 | C2-C1 | C1- H7 | C1- H6 | C1- O5 | O5-H11 | |||||||||||
0 | 1.129 | 1.143 | 1495 | 1.234 | 1.366 | 1.430 | 1.527 | 1.190 | 1.139 | 1.295 | 1.415 | 1.528 | 1.138 | 1.129 | 1.371 | 0.983 | ||||||||||
0.1 | 1.152 | 1.175 | 1.433 | 1.360 | 1.354 | 2.456 | 1.487 | 1.172 | 1.254 | 1.184 | 1.537 | 1.509 | 1.172 | 1.148 | 1.325 | 1.005 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.135 | 1.162 | 1.528 | 1.175 | 1.378 | 1.430 | 1.482 | 1.113 | 1.251 | 1.462 | 1.638 | 1.520 | 1.163 | 1.143 | 1.373 | 0.979 | ||||||||||
10 | 1.145 | 1.150 | 1.433 | 1.424 | 1.334 | 1.434 | 1.549 | 1.160 | 1.267 | 1.281 | 1.823 | 1.524 | 1.169 | 1.144 | 1.356 | 0.983 | ||||||||||
100 | 1.183 | 1.255 | 1.481 | 1.188 | 1.343 | 1.449 | 1.600 | 1.217 | 1.327 | 1.320 | 2.799 | 1.547 | 1.176 | 1.129 | 1.353 | 1.035 | ||||||||||
1,2-Dicaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C5- H16 | C5- H17 | C5- C6 | C6= O7 | C6- O19 | O19- C40 | C40- H45 | C40- C39 | C39- H44 | C39- H43 | C39- O42 | O42- H48 | C40- C41 | C41- H46 | C41- H47 | C4- O38 | O38- C25 | C25= O26 | C25- C24 | C24- H35 | C24- H36 | C24- C23 | |||||
0 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.520 | 1.220 | 1.360 | 1.430 | 1.090 | 1.540 | 1090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 0.950 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 1.360 | 1.220 | 1.520 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.540 | ||||
0.1 | 1.173 | 1.172 | 1.463 | 1.262 | 1.418 | 1.454 | 1.136 | 1.567 | 1.130 | 1.170 | 1.392 | 1.283 | 1.527 | 1.130 | 1.205 | 1.400 | 1.457 | 1.205 | 1.469 | 1.123 | 1.201 | 1.502 | ||||
1 | 1.193 | 1.184 | 1.253 | 1.289 | 1.395 | 1.460 | 1.145 | 1.545 | 1.240 | 1.159 | 1.280 | 1.729 | 1.524 | 1.129 | 1.160 | 1.455 | 1.361 | 1.301 | 1.456 | 1.125 | 1.255 | 1.498 | ||||
10 | 1.199 | 1.177 | 1.480 | 1.193 | 1.437 | 1.435 | 1.109 | 1.572 | 1.252 | 1.128 | 1.317 | 2.656 | 1.658 | 1.397 | 1.124 | 1.410 | 1.388 | 1.198 | 1.480 | 1.186 | 1.294 | 1.533 | ||||
100 | 1.268 | 1.220 | 1.484 | 1.296 | 1.420 | 1.429 | 1.185 | 1.596 | 1.332 | 1.148 | 1.312 | 3.037 | 1.527 | 1.177 | 1.109 | 1.440 | 1.421 | 1.298 | 1.446 | 1.122 | 1.396 | 1.501 | ||||
1,3-Dicaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C24- H35 | C24- H36 | C24- C25 | C25= O26 | C25- O30 | O30- C41 | C41- H45 | C41- H46 | C41- C40 | C40- H44 | C40- O47 | C40- H48 | C40- C39 | C39- H42 | C39- H43 | C39- O19 | O19- C6 | C6- O7 | C6- C5 | C5- H16 | C5- H17 | C5- C4 | |||||
0 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.520 | 1.220 | 1.360 | 1.430 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.420 | 0.960 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 1.360 | 1.228 | 1.520 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.540 | ||||
0.1 | 1.137 | 1.119 | 1.495 | 1.207 | 1.427 | 1.374 | 1.124 | 1.110 | 1.506 | 1.161 | 1.422 | 1.011 | 1.527 | 1.161 | 1.110 | 1.457 | 1.324 | 1.292 | 1.486 | 1.118 | 1.200 | 1.504 | ||||
1 | 1.140 | 1.129 | 1.444 | 1.152 | 1.731 | 1.257 | 1.350 | 1.155 | 1.507 | 1.280 | 1.408 | 1.101 | 1.502 | 1.110 | 1.135 | 1.508 | 1.325 | 1.278 | 1.486 | 1.127 | 1.173 | 1.470 | ||||
10 | 1.270 | 1.135 | 1.451 | 1.195 | 1.762 | 1.339 | 2.448 | 1.135 | 1.470 | 1.250 | 1.461 | 1.099 | 1.412 | 1.157 | 1.135 | 1.457 | 1.539 | 1.442 | 1.528 | 1.155 | 1.733 | 1.533 | ||||
100 | 1.340 | 1.127 | 1.497 | 1.241 | 1.816 | 1.478 | 2.607 | 1.147 | 1.408 | 1.208 | 1.516 | 1.101 | 1.468 | 1.208 | 1.091 | 1.468 | 1.868 | 1.621 | 1.508 | 1.203 | 1.727 | 1.549 | ||||
1,2,3-Tricaproyl glyceride | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C5- H16 | C5- H17 | C5- C6 | C6= O7 | C6- O19 | O19- C38 | C38- H63 | C38- C60 | C60- H54 | C60- H65 | C60- O57 | O57- C44 | C44= O45 | C44- C43 | C43- H54 | C43- H55 | C43- C42 | C38- C58 | C58- H61 | C58- H62 | C58- O59 | O59- C25 | C25= O26 | C25- C24 | C24- H35 | C24- H36 | |
0 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.520 | 1.220 | 1.360 | 1.430 | 1.090 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 1.220 | 1.360 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.540 | 1.540 | 1.090 | 1.090 | 1.430 | 1.360 | 1.220 | 1.520 | 1.090 | 1.090 |
0.1 | 1.119 | 1.115 | 1.508 | 1.470 | 1.373 | 1.448 | 1.108 | 1.510 | 1.115 | 1.102 | 1.437 | 1.360 | 1.254 | 1.520 | 1.095 | 1.096 | 1.521 | 1.534 | 1.108 | 1.107 | 1.427 | 1.387 | 1.378 | 1.451 | 1.134 | 1..131 |
1 | 1.351 | 1.359 | 1.475 | 1.295 | 1.476 | 1.401 | 1.476 | 1.400 | 1.120 | 1.164 | 1.475 | 1.376 | 1.291 | 1.510 | 1.125 | 1.125 | 1.572 | 1.572 | 1.128 | 1,129 | 1.418 | 1.414 | 1.397 | 1.403 | 1.334 | 1.385 |
10 | 1.469 | 1.432 | 1.502 | 1.740 | 1.476 | 1.401 | 1.476 | 1.551 | 1.172 | 1.172 | 1.451 | 1.377 | 1.285 | 1.532 | 1,116 | 1.116 | 1.550 | 1.550 | 1.136 | 1.126 | 1.432 | 1.418 | 1.393 | 1.435 | 1.342 | 1.486 |
100 | 2.177 | 2.182 | 1.554 | 1.311 | 1388 | 1.388 | 1.515 | 1.167 | 1.248 | 1.178 | 1.499 | 1.360 | 1.381 | 1.515 | 1.124 | 1.292 | 1.624 | 1.524 | 1.129 | 1.117 | 1.452 | 1.407 | 1.423 | 1.431 | 1.090 | 2.364 |
Figure
Groups tri-dimensional structures of those molecules affected by increasing
An increase in heat of formation of lipid acids (Table
The structure dependent orders of increasing heat of formation of lipid acids changed in the order:
and associated dipole moments of those molecules declined in the order:
vaccenic >
These orders show that both these parameters are independent of the number of double bonds and chain conformation.
The increase in heat of formation and dipole moment of caproyl glycerides present following orders:
heat of formation: 1,2,3-tricaproyl > 1,2-dicaproyl > 2-monocaproyl > 1-monocaproyl> 1,3-dicaproyl
and
dipole moment: 1-monocaproyl > 2-monocaproyl > 1,2,3-tricaproyl > 1,3-dicaproyl > 1,2-dicaproyl
showing that this sequence of those parameters is independent of the degree and position of the esterification.
An insight in Fig.
In the living organisms lipids under consideration are utilized in metabolic processes. Fatty acids are beta-oxidized in mitochondria and peroxisomes The beta oxidation is the major pathway for fatty acid degradation, but certain fatty acids also undergo the alfa oxidation. The mechanism of beta oxidation resembles a reversal process of fatty acid synthesis. Two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis which generates acetyl-CoA. The latter may be converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation (
Metabolism of triacylglycerols, named here as glycerides, usually involves either their partial or complete hydrolysis by lipases yielding lipid acid and glycerol (
Taking into account that information, Table
An insight into Tables
The atoms constituting the carboxylic group are the most susceptible to
The bent shape of the molecule of oleic acid (Fig.
The introduction of the subsequent isolated double C=C bond into the 18 carbon chain (linoleic acid) results in further deformation of the chain and, hence, increases efficiency of intramolecular, through space, interaction. An increase in the resistance of the molecule to
The third double bond in the 18 carbon atom chain (linolenic acid) offers further possibilities of building resistance to an increase in the flux density (Fig.
The structure of
In the molecule of vaccenic acid (
No
In a case of mono-, di- and three-caproyl glycerides the charge density on the carboxylic carbon atom varies irregularly with an increase in applied flux density. Solely in 1,2,3-tricaproyl glyceride the flux density, regardless of its value, always stimulates the hydrolysis (see Table
Mainly two factors are responsible for susceptibility of molecules to
The distribution of electrical charges in all analyzed lipids resemble one another. Except the carbonyl carbon atom remaining carbon atoms take higher electron density. The exceptional H45 atom in 1,3-dicaproyl glycerol at a field above 1
In some molecules
The sole conversion of the